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A MATLAB code for the material-field series-expansion topology optimization method

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第16卷第3期页码 607-622 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0637-3

摘要： This paper presents a MATLAB implementation of the material-field series-expansion (MFSE) topo-logy optimization method. The MFSE method uses a bounded material field with specified spatial correlation to represent the structural topology. With the series-expansion method for bounded fields, this material field is described with the characteristic base functions and the corresponding coefficients. Compared with the conventional density-based method, the MFSE method decouples the topological description and the finite element discretization, and greatly reduces the number of design variables after dimensionality reduction. Other features of this method include inherent control on structural topological complexity, crisp structural boundary description, mesh independence, and being free from the checkerboard pattern. With the focus on the implementation of the MFSE method, the present MATLAB code uses the maximum stiffness optimization problems solved with a gradient-based optimizer as examples. The MATLAB code consists of three parts, namely, the main program and two subroutines (one for aggregating the optimization constraints and the other about the method of moving asymptotes optimizer). The implementation of the code and its extensions to topology optimization problems with multiple load cases and passive elements are discussed in detail. The code is intended for researchers who are interested in this method and want to get started with it quickly. It can also be used as a basis for handling complex engineering optimization problems by combining the MFSE topology optimization method with non-gradient optimization algorithms without sensitivity information because only a few design variables are required to describe relatively complex structural topology and smooth structural boundaries using the MFSE method.

关键词： MATLAB implementation topology optimization material-field series-expansion method bounded material field dimensionality reduction

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同步发电机励磁系统中PWM控制的仿真研究

贾贵玺,徐伟,郭宝钥,张臣堂

《中国工程科学》 2005年第7卷第6期页码 50-53

摘要：同步发电机励磁系统采用了PWM整流技术，实现励磁电流低谐波和励磁功率单元高功率因数转换，提高了发电机供电质量，并用MATLAB对设计系统做出仿真验证，证明该设计对改善发电机输出电压、提高功率单元电能利用率有明显效果

关键词： PWM 高功率因数励磁系统 Matlab仿真

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脉冲水射流水力共振设计

蒲家宁,陈明

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第2期页码 36-42

摘要：最优水力共振条件用Matlab直接搜索算法搜寻。正弦脉冲流发生器由恒流泵和正弦容积变化活塞缸构成，电动活塞泵用凸轮传动给出恒定流量，活塞缸活塞用凸轮或曲轴连杆传动使缸容正弦变化。

关键词：脉冲水射流水力共振特征线解法变时步法 Matlab 直接搜寻算法正弦脉冲流发生器

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一种改进的新型桥式固态限流器的研究

李洪凤,贾贵玺,齐炜,徐伟

《中国工程科学》 2005年第7卷第8期页码 75-79

摘要：详细介绍了新型桥式限流器的基本工作原理及特点，给出了基于Matlab/Simulink软件的仿真分析和基于天津大学动模实验室的实验结果。仿真与实验结果证明了所提出新型拓扑与控制策略的正确性。

关键词：短路限流器新型桥式电路 Matlab/Simulink仿真动模实验

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Twenty years of achievements in China’s implementation of the Stockholm Convention

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第12期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1587-7

摘要：

● China’s implementation of the SC was systematically studied.

关键词： Stockholm Convention Persistent organic pollutants Compliance Effectiveness

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Understanding barriers to BIM implementation: Their impact across organizational levels in relation to

Sander SIEBELINK, Hans VOORDIJK, Maaike ENDEDIJK, Arjen ADRIAANSE

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第2期页码 236-257 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0088-2

摘要： This multiple case study of a contracting firm contributes to understanding the barriers that organizations face during the implementation of building information modeling (BIM) by providing insights into the impact of these barriers across different organizational levels (i.e., from top management to project teams) and by relating these barriers to different degrees of BIM maturity. First, we observe the dominance of barriers related to the motivation, competence, and time capacity of people across all levels of an organization. Second, the cluster of barriers at the middle-management level highlights the important role of this level in reducing these barriers. Third, only those cases with a low level of BIM maturity have struggled with lack of top management support, thereby highlighting the importance of such support in achieving BIM maturity growth. High BIM maturity situations are more prone to externally oriented barriers in attempting to further leverage the benefits of BIM. Our study provides insights on where to focus BIM implementation measures and how to enhance organizational BIM maturity.

关键词： building information modeling implementation barriers maturity organizational levels

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Overview and problems of BIM implementation in Japan

Takashi KANETA, Shuzo FURUSAKA, Nisi DENG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第2期页码 146-155 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017007

摘要： This paper aims to overview Building Information Modeling (BIM) implementation and problems of BIM implementation in Japan. First, BIM implementation guidelines and pilot projects are introduced. Then, some popular BIM software together with typical implementation cases are provided. BIM implementation in Japan is not always encouraged via a top-down consensus in architectural firms and general contractors, as the client and architects can reduce the project risk inherent in design and drawings by transferring these tasks to a general contractor. The paper finally discusses the problems in project management to present a strategy to develop a new version of BIM that will provide value to all of the stakeholders of a project.

关键词： Building Information Modeling general contractor architect drawing procurement project management

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Thoughts on strategies and paths to achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality in China

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第3期页码 324-331 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0883-7

摘要： First, a brief introduction is made to the four basic judgments and understandings of the goals of “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.” Then, an in-depth elaboration is provided on the eight major strategies for achieving the goals of “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality,” including conservation and efficiency priority, energy security, non-fossil energy substitution, re-electrification, resource recycling, carbon sequestration, digitalization and cooperation between countries. Next, eight major implementation paths for achieving the goals of “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality” are discussed in detail, including industrial restructuring; building a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system, and renewing the understanding of China’s energy resource endowment; accelerating the construction of a new-type power system with a gradually growing proportion of new energy, and realizing the “possible triangle” of high-quality energy system development; utilizing electrification and deep decarbonization technologies to promote the orderly peaking and gradual neutralization of carbon emissions in the industrial sector; promoting the low-carbon transition of transportation vehicles to achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality in the transportation sector; focusing on breaking through key green building technologies to achieve zero carbon emissions from building electricity and heat; providing a strong technical support for carbon removal to achieve carbon neutrality; accelerating the construction of the integrated planning and assessment mechanism for pollution and carbon reduction, establishing a sound strategy, planning, policy and action system, and optimizing the carbon trading system. Afterwards, it is particularly pointed out that the realization of the goals of “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality” cannot be separated from the support of sci-tech innovation. Finally, it is stressed that carbon neutrality is not the end, but an important milestone. If viewed from the perspective of future energy, the significance and historical status of the goals of “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality” will be more understandable.

关键词： carbon peaking and carbon neutrality strategy implementation path important sci-tech innovation implementation path

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Quality Function Deployment Implementation in Construction: A Systematic Literature Review

Elizabeth A. Cudney,William L. Gillis

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年第3卷第3期页码 224-230 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016036

摘要： The construction of new buildings represents a significant investment. The goal of new building construction is to maximize value and minimize cost while staying on time and within budget. Translating customer requirements into engineering terms for new construction design is vital for a construction project to be successful. Quality function deployment has been successfully used in product development to capture the voice of the customer and translate it into engineering characteristics. Quality function deployment then carries these parameters into production and service to ensure the voice of the customer is being met with the final product. The house of quality, a tool within quality function deployment, can provide a means for comparison of owner’s project requirements and the proposed design, along with identifying how the design decisions impact meeting customer requirements and green building requirements. Quality function deployment can effectively link the project phases through design and construction and into operations and maintenance to ensure the owner’s project requirements are met with the final building. This research identifies and categorizes studies of quality function deployment applications in construction. The research method used is a systematic literature review from databases related to quality function deployment in the construction industry published in the periodicals through 2016. The principal findings of implementations, practices, and integrated approaches are then summarized. This article intends to propel further research of quality function deployment in the construction sector.

关键词： construction engineering management quality function deployment systematic review

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Research and implementation of flexible coding system oriented multi-view

ZHANG Xuhui, ZHANG Xu, NING Ruxin

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第2卷第4期页码 448-452 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0077-8

摘要： On the basis of the requirements of a product data management system (PDM) for the flexible coding system, the principle of the flexible coding system oriented multi-view is analyzed. Generation and utilization of coding should be associated with the context of the object. The architecture of the flexible coding system oriented multi-view is studied and the implementation class diagram of the system is designed. The system can support the establishment of five types of code segments, provide the tools of flexible defining coding rules and drive the automatic generation of object coding in different views (contexts). On the foundation of the characteristics of the system, coding for parts is taken as a sample to validate and elaborate the flexible coding process of the system.

关键词： foundation different management utilization Generation

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Outcomes of patients awaiting lung transplantation after the implementation of donation after brain death

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第5期页码 760-765 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0899-5

摘要： Voluntary contribution has become the only source of donor lungs in China since 2015. To elaborate the outcomes of patients awaiting lung transplantation (LTx) after the implementation of donation after brain death, we performed a retrospective study that encompassed 205 patients with end-stage lung disease who registered for LTx at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital from January 1, 2015 to January 1, 2021. A total of 180 patients were enrolled in the study. The median waiting time was 1.25 months. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) (103/180, 57.2%) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (56/180, 31.1%) were the most common diseases in our study population. The mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) of patients in the died-waiting group was higher than that of the survivors (53.29±21.71 mmHg vs. 42.11±18.58 mmHg, P=0.002). The mortality of patients with ILD (34/103, 33.00%) was nearly twice that of patients with COPD (10/56, 17.86%) while awaiting LTx (P=0.041). In the died-waiting group, patients with ILD had a shorter median waiting time than patients with COPD after being listed (0.865 months vs. 4.720 months, P=0.030). ILD as primary disease and mPAP > 35 mmHg were two significant independent risk factors for waitlist mortality, with hazard ratios (HR) of 3.483 (95% CI 1.311–9.111; P=0.011) and 3.500 (95% CI 1.435–8.536; P=0.006). Hence, LTx is more urgently needed in patients with ILD and pulmonary hypertension.

关键词： lung transplantation donation after brain death waitlist

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大气探测系统设计和工程建设

郑国光

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第6期页码 21-26

摘要：

文章分析了我国大气探测业务现状和大气探测技术发展趋势，阐述了我国大气探测系统设计和工程建设的基本思路和目标，介绍了即将开始建设的国家大中型建设项目——大气监测自动化系统的总体结构和建设的主要内容。文章也是对大气科学的工程化建设一文^[1]的进一步阐述。

关键词：大气探测监测自动化工程设计与建设

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New medical risks affecting obstetrics after implementation of the two-child policy in China

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第4期页码 570-575 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0552-5

摘要：

China recently instituted a two-child policy in response to its aging population, declining workforce and demographic dividend, and the need to develop asocial economy. Additionally, women generally delay having a second child because of the overwhelming pressure in their lives. With the improvements in assisted fertility technologies in recent years, the number of elderly women attempting to bear children has increased. The quality of woman’s eggs and a man’s sperm declined dramatically with increasing age, leading to an increased risk of pregnancy-related complications among older women. Therefore, the types of fertility problems experienced by elderly females must be provided with considerable attention by obstetricians. This commentary article focuses on the medical problems faced by older second-child pregnant women. This work discusses their increased rates of infertility, spontaneous abortion, fetal malformation, gestational diabetes, cesarean section, placenta previa, postpartum hemorrhage, postpartum depression, and hypertensive disorders, which complicate pregnancy.

关键词： two-child policy birth defects cesarean delivery placenta previa

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Concepts and implementation of strain-based criteria in design codes for steel structures

Reidar BJORHOVDE

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第3期页码 210-216 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0165-7

摘要： A uniaxial tension test is commonly used to determine the mechanical properties of steel, but it has no meaning for the response of the material in a structure. The test was developed as a consensus solution by producers, fabricators, designers and code writers, to have a standard by which similar materials could be compared to a common base. It does not represent the actual behavior of the steel in a structure, and was never intended to do so. To study the true behavior of the structure and how the material responds it would be better to determine the strains and deformations that will take place during actual service condition. Such characteristics reflect the real behavior, whether in the elastic or inelastic range. If stresses or forces are needed, these are easily determined by the value of the strain and the relevant material modulus, along with the type of cross section, whether elastic or inelastic. The paper addresses the properties of a range of structural steels, how these are incorporated into design standards and how the standards define deformation characteristics and demands for bolted and welded connections.

关键词： steel stress-strain characteristics tension test strain design actual behavior improved design codes

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Frequency-controlable sine signal based on PWM and its implementation on FPGA

Lianzhen HUANG, Jiangang LI, Dongjun ZHANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第7卷第3期页码 322-328 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0312-9

摘要：

A sine generation method that the different frequent sine signals can be generated by the different Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) signals generated by Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) through low-pass filter of fixed parameters was proposed. The method just takes a few FPGA resources and was proved feasible by the theory. The experiment results and theory analysis tally.

关键词： Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) frequency controllable